❖ On Proving the Existence of the Maker, the Originator of Existences ❖

Indeed, that which calls for wading into and writing upon this topic is only the existence of a faction whose individuals are called the naturalists. These people deny the existence of Allah in the form and reality maintained by the religious; some of them believe that the four elements of nature—air, water, earth, and fire—are the cause of the existence of beings, and by the consolidation and interaction of these elements, these existent things were formed. Some of them claim that matter, or the indivisible atom (al-jawhar al-fard), is the cause of the existent. Just as there are those who say that the intellect is the primary cause, and these are named the idealists; and others say both matter and intellect together, and these are called the dualists.