He obligated Prayer (al-Ṣalāt) to remove the abomination of pride from the heads of the arrogant through prostration to Him and humility before Him. He obligated Almsgiving (al-Zakāt) so that the wealthy might support the poor from the bounty God has bestowed upon them, thereby rectifying their livelihoods. He obligated Fasting (al-Ṣiyām) as a trial for the souls through patience against sensory pleasures, and as a strengthening of their readiness to receive Holy Pleasures (al-ladhdhāt al-qudsiyya); so that hearts may be softened, the authority of evil may be suppressed, and the hearts of the wealthy may incline toward the poor through the pangs of hunger entering their own souls.
He obligated the Pilgrimage (al-Ḥajj) as a test of the souls' obedience by directing them toward the House established in Bakka (Mecca)—just as He tested the angels with prostration to the likeness set by the "altered black mud" (al-ḥama’ al-masnūn)—to distinguish the obedient from the disobedient, and as a reminder to confront the rites of the Gnostics. This is so they may emulate, by circumambulating it, the angels of the Lord of the Worlds circumambulating the Frequented House (al-Bayt al-Ma‘mūr) in the Kingdom of Heaven.




