so that the latter may achieve completion and the former may attain absolute perfection. Through this guidance, the deficient souls shake off their state of imperfection, reaching the state of wholeness, while the sustaining souls ascend to a station even more complete, noble, and lofty:
{And that to your Lord is the final destination} 1
As for spiritual accidents (al-a'rad al-ruhaniyyah), these exist within spiritual substances. For example, if it is asked: "Where is knowledge located?" It is answered: "It is an accidental state inherent within the soul of the scholar." Similarly, generosity, courage, justice, and comparable virtues are states residing within the Soul, and the exact same rule applies to their opposing vices.
Verily, the Soul possesses two distinct faculties: one is knowing ('allamah), and the other is active (fa'alah). Through its knowing faculty, it abstracts the impressions of knowable objects (rusum al-ma'lumat) from their primary matter and conceptualizes them within its own essence; thus,