He is the one intended by structural reference, and he is the one who remains everlasting and permanent through substances, not through accidents. This is because accidents are subsisting through other than themselves and exist solely for the sake of other than themselves, whereas substances are self-subsisting, independent in the maintenance of their existence from anything other than themselves; and they are, in their very essence, ultimate realities intended by structural reference.'

Then he said: 'Know—may Allah grant compliance unto you and us—that human beings possess intellects in potentiality [bil-quwwah], not in actuality [bil-fi'l]. These are acquired through knowledge and instruction, and by means of them, ultimate objectives are perceived, functioning as the instrument for cognitive acquisition. Therefore, whenever individual intellects unite with their respective souls and knowledge becomes inherently theirs, they reach perfection. They then face the Active Intellect [al-'Aql al-Fa''al] from every direction, perceiving all knowable items and objectives through the cosmic imprinting [irtisam] of knowledge within it from the side facing them—exactly as the imprinting of sensory forms occurs during vision when the air is luminous and clear due to the presence of light.