Chapter Twelve

Warning 1

What is lawful and unlawful to eat and touch

Know that these outward things upon which Allah the Exalted has placed the discourse in the Great Quran—regarding command, prohibition, praise, blame, permission, forbidden status, obligation, and tradition in all the Heavenly Books and the Divine and Prophetic Hadiths—include:

Those which are lawful to eat, touch, and own: such as cattle, water buffalo, goats, sheep, chickens, wheat, lentils, onions, cucumbers, and the like.

Those which are lawful to touch and own, but not to eat: such as donkeys, mules, birds of prey, the cubit [measure], the scale, carpets, vessels, and the like.

Those which are lawful to own, but not to eat or touch: such as dogs, cats [sananir], and the like.

Those which are not lawful to eat, touch, or own: such as swine, hyenas, snakes, scorpions, chameleons, and the like.

It has been mentioned in some books of the People of Monotheism [Ahl al-Tawhid] that Hell has seven gates...