And He placed in Man Three Spirits:
Natural (Tabi'iyya), Animal (Hayawaniyya), Psychic (Nafsaniyya).
So he shared with the Natural [Spirit] the plants and the rest of beings. And shared with the Animal [Spirit] the species of animals. And shared with the Psychic [Spirit] the World of the Intellect and the World of Man.1
Footnotes
1The Hadith of Kumayl bin Ziyad: He said: I asked our Master the Commander of the Faithful (Exalted be His Might), saying: "I want you to introduce me to my soul (Nafs)." He said: "O Kumayl, which soul do you want?" I said: "O my Master, is it not but one soul?"He said: "O Kumayl, indeed they are four:The Growing Vegetative Soul (Al-Namiya al-Nabatiyya).The Sensing Animal Soul (Al-Hissiya al-Hayawaniyya).The Holy Rational Soul (Al-Natiqa al-Qudsiyya).The Divine Universal Soul (Al-Kulliyya al-Ilahiyya)."And for each one of these, there are five powers and two properties:1. The Growing Vegetative:Powers: Holding (Masika), Attracting (Jadhiba), Digesting (Hadima), Repelling (Dafi'a), and Nurturing (Murabbiya).Properties: Increase and Decrease.Emanation: From the Liver.2. The Sensing Animal:Powers: Hearing, Sight, Smell, Taste, and Touch.Properties: Pleasure (Rida) and Anger (Ghadab).Emanation: From the Heart.3. The Holy Rational:Powers: Thought (Fikr), Remembrance (Dhikr), Knowledge ('Ilm), Forbearance (Hilm), and Alertness (Nabaha).Emanation: It has no physical emanation. It is the most similar of things to the Celestial Souls.Properties: Integrity (Nazaha) and Wisdom (Hikma).4. The Divine Universal:Powers: Survival in Annihilation, Bliss in Misery, Might in Humiliation, Patience in Tribulation [and Dignity in Poverty].Properties: Satisfaction (Rida) and Submission (Taslim).Origin: This is the one whose principle is from Allah and to Him it returns, for His saying: “And I breathed into him of My Spirit.” (Al-Hijr: 29).Return: For His saying: “O reassured soul, return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing.”"And the Intellect is in the center of the whole." (Source: Bihar al-Anwar)