And it becomes binding upon you to clarify:
Did it make itself? Or did other than it make it?
The first is invalid, because a single thing cannot effect influence upon its own essence nor upon another. But if you say: "It is eternal, having no beginning," we require you to clarify: What is the meaning of "Nature"? And why was it named "Nature"? And what is intended by this name assigned to it?
"Nature"
So if you say: The meaning of Nature (al-Tabi'ah) is these four elements: [Fire, Water, Air, Earth], and it was only named "Nature" because it imprints (tatba') the forms through an agreement among these elements, and manifests them from the Prime Matter (al-Hayula) into the Form. And this name is derived in the language of the Arabs from their saying: ["I forged (taba'tu) the sword"], meaning I manifested it from its Prime Matter, which is iron, into the form of the sword.
And if you say: "Verily Nature, through the agreement of these four elements, brings forth the Composite Bodies (al-Murakkabat)," then we bind you to clarify for us: Who harmonized this agreement between them? And who [established] that if one of them is delayed, no act is completed for the remaining three?




